Кропотливо собиравшийся много лет известным финским фольклористом Элиасом Лённротом, этот эпос вызвал в международном сообществе ученых-фольклористов до сих пор не прекратившуюся войну между сторонниками и противниками Лённрота, упрекавшими собирателя в произвольном составлении текстов, их "причесывании" и прочих профессиональных грехах. Однако академические споры уже не могли остановить победоносного шествия "Калевалы" по миру — на ее основе писали пьесы, оперы и балеты, ее иллюстрировали знаменитые художники и переводили на ведущие языки мира, по ней снимали фильмы, мультфильмы и сериалы, а в Финляндии и Карелии в ее честь учреждены национальные праздники.
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