Денис Иванович Фонвизин (1745-1792) - русский писатель. Родился в Москве, в богатой дворянской семье. Мальчик получил прекрасное домашнее образование, окончил гимназию при Московском университете. Фонвизин служил переводчиком в Коллегии иностранных дел, затем - секретарем кабинет-министра Елагина. Состоял в кружке офицеров-вольнодумцев.
Фонвизин начал печататься еще в студенческие годы. В одном из московских журналов были опубликованы его переводы "Басней нравоучительных" Хольберга и трагедии Вольтера "Альзира". В 1769 году Фонвизиным было создано сатирическое произведение "Послание к слугам моим..." В 1777-1778 годах писатель посетил Францию и Германию, основные впечатления от поездки нашли отражение в "Записках первого путешественника". Основополагающим трудом Фонвизина стала комедия "Недоросль", в которой автор упрекал крепостное право и невежество во всех бедах России. Уйдя в отставку, он опубликовал ряд сатирических произведенией, в том числе "Опыт российского сословника" и "Повествование мнимого глухого и немого".
Говоря о творчестве Фонвизина, Белинский называл его "самым интересным писателем первых периодов нашей литературы". Он был одним из основоположенников русской прозы. В последние годы жизни здоровье Фонвизина ухудшилось. Уже будучи серьезно больным, он работал над автобиографической повестью "Чистосердечное признание в делах моих и помышлениях", которую так и не успел закончить. Фонвизин скончался в Петербурге в возрасте 47 лет. Похоронен в Александро-Невской лавре.
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